There are nearly 8 billion humans on Earth. Scientists predict that the population will continue to grow by about 70 million per year and reach nearly 10 billion by 2050. 10 billion humans that need food.

Theoretically, the Earth is capable of nourishing 10 billion people, just not how we do it today. If we continue to put even more pressure on the planetary boundaries, our ecosystems will collapse and we may face a future without food. 

We find ourselves in a paradoxical situation. We must feed this growing population, yet our current food system cripples our ability to do so as it continues to threaten the very environment that supports food production. The food sector is largely responsible for driving the environment beyond planetary boundaries – the safe operating space we should stay within to avert large-scale and abrupt environmental degradation. 

How do we feed 10 billion people a healthy diet within planetary boundaries? Thirty-seven world-leading scientists, members of the EAT-Lancet Commission on Food, Planet, Health, asked this very question. Their inquiry generated a complete scientific review – the first of its kind – detailing the components of a healthy diet from a sustainable food system. It also defines actions that can support and speed up food system transformation.

To improve human health and avoid potentially catastrophic damage to the planet, we must radically change our diets and food production and reduce food waste, concluded the EAT-Lancet Commission’s 37 scientists. They posit that the lack of science-based targets for a healthy diet has hindered efforts to transform the food system. To that end, their review proposes a reference diet that meets nutritional requirements, promotes health, and allows food production to stay within planetary boundaries. 

The “planetary health diet” is a global reference diet for adults, symbolically represented by a plate, half of it filled with fruits, vegetables, and nuts, the other with primarily whole grains, plant proteins (beans, lentils, pulses), unsaturated plant oils, modest amounts of meat and dairy, and some added sugars and starchy vegetables. The diet offers vegetarian and vegan options and is deliberately flexible,  accounting for dietary needs, personal preferences, and cultural traditions. 

Key messages from the EAT-Lancet Commission report include: 

• Global consumption of foods such as red meat and sugar should decrease by more than 50%, while consumption of foods like nuts, fruits, vegetables, and legumes should double. 
• Food waste must be reduced by at least half. In low- and middle-income countries, most waste occurs during production, whereas in high-income countries, it is primarily caused by consumers. 
• Achieving these changes – including the most pressing, like the diversification of agriculture and the implementation of better governance over land and ocean use – will require unprecedented levels of international cooperation and commitment. 

More info:

EAT-LANCET COMMISSION REPORT: THE PLANETARY HEALTH DIET

We live in the Anthropocene, a planetary epoch defined by humanity’s impact on the Earth’s geology, climate, and ecosystems. Our food system contributes significantly to that impact by placing a mounting burden on the biosphere, the planet’s thin layer of life. 

Already today, the global population is nearly 8 billion. As it rapidly increases – scientists predict it will grow by about 70 million per year and reach nearly 10 billion by 2050 – we will put even more pressure on planetary boundaries and increase the risk of passing critical tipping points for the Earth’s stability and resilience. 

In 2009, a group of internationally renowned scientists identified nine processes that regulate the stability of the planet’s climate and ecosystems. For each of these processes, the scientists proposed a quantitative planetary boundary within which humanity could continue to thrive for generations to come. The planetary boundaries framework has generated enormous interest among scientists, policymakers, and the general public. It has been a particularly effective guide for making food systems more sustainable.  

In a 2015 update, the scientists concluded that four boundaries had already been breached: climate change, biodiversity loss, land degradation, and phosphorus and nitrogen pollution have now reached unsafe levels.

Learn more about the connection between the food system and the nine planetary boundaries:

1. Nitrogen and phosphorus flows to the biosphere and oceans: The food system is a major driver of pollution of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems through excessive nitrogen and phosphorus inputs. 
2. Climate Change: The global food system is responsible for more than one-third of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. See also our Report on Air and Climate.
3. Biodiversity loss and extinctions: One million animal and plant species are now threatened with extinction, with agricultural production being one of the main drivers. See also our Report on Biodiversity.
4. Land system change:  Forests, grasslands, wetlands and other vegetation types have primarily been converted to agricultural land in many parts of the world. This land-use change is one driving force behind the serious reductions in biodiversity, and it has impacts on water flows and on the biogeochemical cycling of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus and other important elements. See also our Report on Land-use and Agriculture.
5. Stratospheric ozone depletion: Increased nitrogen fertilizer use and increased animal manure production are projected to increase agricultural nitrous oxide emissions.
6. Freshwater consumption and the global hydrological cycle: In most regions of the world, over 70% of freshwater is used for agriculture.  See also our Report on Freshwater.
7. Ocean acidification: Industrial agriculture relies heavily on fertilizers, contributing to the acidification of marine habitats. 
8. Atmospheric aerosol loading: Crop residue burning is known to be a significant global source of atmospheric aerosols. See also our Report on Air and Climate.
9. Introduction of novel entities: The use of pesticides in crop production and antibiotics in livestock production can have potentially irreversible effects on living organisms and on the physical environment.

 More info: 

THE NINE PLANETARY BOUNDARIES 

PLANETARY BOUNDARIES – AN UPDATE 

FOUR $1-MILLION PRIZES INSTEAD OF TWO

The Curt Bergfors Food Planet Prize was established to find, recognize, and support initiatives and projects that can help shift to resilient food systems and achieve food security already within this decade. In this inaugural year, we received 650+ nominations, illustrating a diverse global community devoted to re-imagining food in all its complexity.

The rescue mission

Reshaping the food system requires an abundance of ingenious ideas and a broad range of approaches and solutions, some of them disruptive enough to radically cut through value chains and confront current perceptions of what food can be and how it can be sourced. The challenge is global, this is why the solutions must have the potential to scale, preferably globally. To make it happen requires political will, ample funding, and consumers taking responsibility. It requires insight, it will take courage.

Responding to the ever-louder emergency calls from both People and Planet, the Curt Bergfors Foundation is doubling its stake in the rescue mission. This year, we’re awarding four – instead of two – US $1 Million prizes.

At the recommendation of the Food Planet Prize Jury, one of the Prizes will be shared as the two recipients already collaborate on a key area: alternative sourcing of food and feed. The 5 prizewinners represent some of the many areas we need to explore to save the Food Planet.

The 2020 Prizewinners

Blue Ventures, UK. A conservation organization dedicated to preserving marine biodiversity and improving food security in tropical coastal communities. Read more

FutureFeed, Australia. A joint research initiative striving to reduce methane emissions from livestock with seaweed-based feed additives. Read more

icipe*, Kenya. A research organization pioneering the transition to insect-based proteins for food and animal feed. Read more

The Land Institute, USA. A world-leading institute spearheading the development of new perennial grains and crops. Read more

Sanergy*, Kenya and USA. A social enterprise converting the growing organic waste in urban slums into an agricultural resource. Read more

“Our food system is broken, and the planet is ailing. We’re all part of the problem, and we must all try to be part of the solution. I wish to contribute through the foundation and these awards”

CURT BERGFORS, FOUNDER